William goldie



W. GOLDIE.

,RElNroRclNG MEANS EoR CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30| 1920. Reissued 15mg". 31, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

FIG. A1A HHk mvenTR W. GOLDIE.

REINFOHCING MEANS FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. 1920.

' 14,941 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Ressued Aug. 31, 1920.v

FIG. 12

INVENTOR u m UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM GOIDIE, OF IWILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Original No. 1,312,908, dated August 12, 1919, Serial No. 244,236, lerlJuly 10, 1918.

Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Raissued glug, 31, i920Application for reissue filed March 30, 1920. Serial No. 370,037.

To aU infima t may concern Be it known that I, VILLIAM GoLDIn, a citizenof the United States, and a resident of VVilkinsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Reinforciiig Means for Concrete Structures; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof.

My invention relates to reinforcing means for concrete structuresparticularly for concrete walls, floors and for the bottom and sides ofa vessel. l

One of the great defects of the present methods and structures forreinforcing concrete consists in the fact that the several intersectingvreinforcing members are either not bound together at all, or are looselybound by wire and the like, whereby in so far as the character of thejunctions of these intersecting members is concerned, they may haverelative play or movement one with respect to the other. I have found inpractice that where the intersecting reinforcing members for concretehave such relative play or movement, and where consequently said membersare only held in the same relative position by reason of the concretesurrounding them, there is a strong tendency for the members of thereinforcing structure to break loose from the surrounding concrete andthus weaken the entire structure.

The purposeof my invention, therefore, is to provide in a reinforcingstructure for concrete means for effectively and rigidly holding theintersecting members of such structure together so that there can be norelative play one with respect to the other. A further object of myinvention is to very considerably lighten the weight of the concretereinforcing structure without detracting in any way from the strength ofsuch structure. Finally, it is a further object of the invention to soconstruct the reinforcing members themselves and the means of unitingthem together that said members may be out to length before they arebrought to the place of assembly and may be assembled economically andquickly by unskilled labor.

With these and other objects in view, as will appear fromr the followingdescription, the invention consists in a construction and arrangement ofparts preferred embodiments of whch are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings in which Figure 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a section of myimproved reinforcing structure. Fig. 2 is a crete. Fig. 6 is aperspective view'of one of the transverse or auxiliary reinforcing imembers; Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive, show the successive steps in rigidlyconnecting the auxiliary transverse members to the main frame members;Fig. 1l is a perspective view of a rolled section from which thefastening plates for uniting the frame members may be cut indicatingalso a section cut from said rolled section; Fig. 12 is a view similarto Fig. 6 of a modified form of auxiliary reinforcing member, and Fig.13 is a plan view showing the manner of inserting the transverse membersin the main frame members.

In the embodiment of my invention herein selected for illustrationandreferring first to Fig. 1,1 indicates what may be termed the mainreinforcing frame members. These members, as shown in cross section byFigs. l to 4.-, and 7 to l0, inclusive, consist preferably of wrought orrolled sections of metal, each having a web 2 which is to be positionedparallel to the direction of the lines of bending strain on the concretestructure, and these main framemembers have at the top and bottoni ofthe web 2 the laterally extending flanges 8, which, as here shown, arecontracted or approach each other at their outer edges forming in effectlongitudinal dove-tailed recesses or grooves along each side of thesemain frame members. The outer surfaces of these main frame inembers,including the flanges 8, may be substantially circular in cross section,as illusstrated, which form adds to the bending strength of the members,and also facilitates the rolling of the section thereof. Any suitableform of transverse members may be employed extending between the mainframe members and 1 connected therewith. The transverse frame membersA4, as shown, in F l, and also as shown in side View, Fig. 2,.and incross section, Fig. 3, may consist of a pair of channel members. One ofthese auxiliary or transverse reinforcing members, is clearly shown inperspective in Fig. 6, in which the reinforcing member as a whole isshown'to consist of a pair of channel members placed back to back andriveted together. Each channel member comprises a bottom web and lateralflanges 6. When these transverse members are placed in position withinthe reinforcing structure, the webs extend parallel with the lines oflstrain on the concrete structure and the flanges 6 extend transverselyof said lines of strain. Consequently, it will be obvious that f allbending strains on the concrete structure within which these transversemembers are embedded will be effectively resisted by the longitudinalsolid ribs 7 of concrete, Fig. 5, between the upper and lower flanges 6of the channel-shaped members, and these concrete ribs 7 are in turnreinforced by the flanges 6. It will likewise be obvious that thedove-tailed longitudinal recesses formed by the upper and lower fianges3 of the main frame members, see Fig. a, will form solid concrete ribs 8along the sides of the main frame members, which concrete ribs willpowerfully reinforce the cross sections of the main frame membersagainst bending strains, and which concrete ribs will be in turn greatlyreinforced and strengthened by the flanges 3 themselves of the mainframe members. It will be clear, therefore', that in reinforced concretestructures so formed and with the longitudinal grooves both of the mainframe members and the transverse frame members extending laterally ortransversely of the lines of strain on the concrete structure as aywhole, the concrete of the structure will be powerfully reinforced bythe reinforcing members and the reinforcing members themselves will bepowerfully reinforced by the solid concrete ribs lying within theselongitudinal recesses.

In order to secure the transverse reinforcing members rigidly to themain frame members, the height of these transverse members is such thatthe ends thereof will t readily between the flanges 3 of the mainreinforcing members and when so fitted and after the transverse membershave been brought to a position at right angles to the main framemembers, the flanges 6 of the transverse members may be expanded intoclose engagement with the contracted or approaching flanges of the mainframe members. This is accomplished in the following manner: The flanges6 may be cut back as at 9 adjacent the ends of the transverse member.Then the cut portion 10 at the ends of these flanges may be bent towardeach other, as illustrated in Fig. 6, and also in Fig. 7. llVith theends of the flanges so bent toward each other obviou'sly the transversemembers may be the more readily brought to the right angular positionwith respect to the main frame members 4. It will be necessary ininserting the ends of the transverse members into the opposite sidegrooves of the main frame members that the main frame members.

transverse members must be placed in .such position on a slant indiagonal and must then be forced to right angled position with respectto the main frame members.

If, now, the flanges 6 of the transverse members extend to the fulllength of said members, the corners of these flanges will engage thevertical webs 2 of the main frame members, and will tend to prevent theswinging or shifting of the transverse members to right angled position.lith the ends of the flanges 6 bent inwardly, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7,it is obvious that the longitudinal distance between the ends of theseflanges 6 will be reduced7 and consequently they will clear the verticalwebs 2 of the main frame members when the transverse members are firstplaced between the main frame members to be shifted or swung to rightangled position, all as clearly illustrated in Fig. 13.

When the transverse members are brought to such right-angular position,with respect to the main frame' members, the bent ends l0 of the fianges6, as shown in Fig. 7, will lie in the position shown in said figure. lnorder now rigidly to unite the transverse members to the main framemembers, it necessary to expand these flange ends 10 into rigid andintimate engagement with the inner sides of the opposite flanges 3 ofthe To do this, the-bent ends 10 of these flanges may first be spreadapart and into engagement with the flanges 3 of the main frame membersas in Fig. 8, by means of any suitable instrument. But in order toengage these flange ends 10 rigidly with the flanges 3 of the main framemembers, it is necessary to expand them powerfully against said mainflanges. To this end, I have provided an expander member, such forexample, vas the plate 11 in Fig. 9. This plate is again illustrated inperspective and sectional view in Fig. 11, where it is shown as cut froma rolled or wrought section of steel. Each of these expander plates,when completed, consists of a `curved body portion 12 and the enlargedwedge-shaped heads 13. lVhen first formed these expander members are ofa length to fit easily between thev flanges 6 of the transverse membersbefore said flanges are expanded fully against the flanges 3. Thiscondition of the expander and its position between flanges 6 isillustrated in Fig. 9. In order to expand the ends 10 of the flanges 6into rigid engagement with the flanges 3 of the main frame members, theexpander 11 may be flattened out by blows upon the curved body portion12, thus forcing the wedge-shaped heads 13 of said expander memberapart, as shown in Fig. l), and forcing the ends 10 of the flanges 6into intimate and rigid engagement with the flanges 3 of the main framemembers. From this structure it will be seen that the transverse membersare rigidly and securely held against any longitudinal movement betweenthe main frame members and necessarily against any sliding movement onsaid menibers, because the wedging action of the expanders 11 forces theends of the iianges 6 into a most rigid and tight engagement with theflanges 3.

In the transverse member thus far dcscribed, it will be noted that thesame is described as made up of two separate channel members rivetedtogether back to back. This manner of constructing the 'transversemembers is for the purpose of economy. since such channel members may bereadily rolled from sheet metal of comparatively thin gage and yet whenthese two channel. members are so secured together, they forni veryrigid structure of reinforcing member.

By placing the channel members back to back, as shown in Fig. 5, andsecuring them together, it will Abe seen that the transverse reinforcingmember presents laterally cX- tending channels on either side for theforming of solid concrete ribs therein which mutually strengthen eachother as heretofore described.

In the modified form of transverse member illustrated in Fig. 12, it isshown as formed of a single rolled section having the vertical web 14and the lateral flanges 15. Such section, however, is somewhat moreexpensive to roll than the form illustrated in Fig. 6, and it isimpossible to make such a rolled section of the reduced weight of theother form. However, in using the transverse section shown in Fig. 12,the Hanges 15 may be cut back from the web, as shown at 16, and the cutback portion 17 may be bent inwardly as in the case of the cut backportion 10 of the flanges 6 in the form shown in Fig. 6, for the purposeof facilitating insertion and positioning of the transverse sectionbetween the main frame section. The assembling of this modified form oftransverse section with the main frame members is the same as thatherein described for the form of transverse section shown in Fig. 6.

lVhile I have herein shown and described a particular embodiment of myinvention, it is to be understood that the invention may be altered indetails of construction and arrangement of parts within the scope of theappended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A reinforcing structure for concrete, comprising main frame membershaving recesses extending along the sides thereof, metallic connectingmembers for entering the side recesses of said bars and having movableportions adapted to be forced into holding engagement with -the saidframe members within the said recesses, and locking members for forcingthe said movable portions of the said connecting members into saidholding engagement in said recesses.

2. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising main frame membershaving dove-tailed recesses extending along the sides thereof, metallicconnecting members for entering said side recesses and having movableportions adapted to be forced into holding engagement with the saidframe members within the said recesses, and other members for forcingthe said movable portions of the said connecting members into saidholding engagement in the recesses of the bars. l

3. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising main frame membershaving dove-tailed recesses extending along the sides thereof, metallicconnecting members provided with expansible end portions adapted toenter vsaid side recesses and expanders adapted to enter said siderecesses and to expand the said end portions within the same and holdtheconnecting members therein.' i

4. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising main frame membershaving dove-tailed recesses extending along the sides thereof, metallicconnecting members provided with expansible end portions adapted toenter said side recesses, and expander members adapted to be placed insaid dove-tailed recesses of the main frame bars and having bent bodyportions adapted to be expanded and force the said expansible endportions of the connecting members against the walls of said recesses.

5. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising a bar havingdove-tailed side recesses, metallic connecting members provided withexpansible e'nd portions adapted to enter said dove-tailed recesses andmetallic expander members having curved bodies adapted to be expandedwithin the recesses of the bars and to expand the said end portions,thereby locking the transverse members in said dove-tailed recesses.

6. A reinforcing structure for concrete, comprising a main reinforcingbar having dove-tailed recesses extending along the sides thereof, of atransverse reinforcing bar having a vertical web and having flangesadapted to be expanded into and engage the dove-tailed walls ofsaidrecesses, and means for expanding the flanges in the .dove-tailedrecesses.

7. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising a main reinforcingbar having a dove-tailed recess extending along the side thereof, of atransverse reinforcing bar having a vertical web, and having flangesadapted to be expanded into and engage with the walls of said recess, anexpander adapted to be placed between the ends of said flanges withinand be expanded to expand and hold said ianges in rigid engagement Withthe dove-tailed Walls of said recess.

8. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising a main reinforcingbar having a dove-tailed recess extending along the side thereof,metallic connecting members entering said recesses and expander membersadapted to be placed in said recesses and expanded to hold saidconnecting members in rigid engagement with the dove-tailed Walls ofsaid recess, said expander members having comparatively thin Webs andenlarged heads at each end thereof, said Webs When flanged out beingadapted to force Said heads firmly into engagement With the metallicconnecting members to hold the same in rigid engagement With the mainframe bar.

9. A reinforcing structure for' concrete comprising a main reinforcingbar having a vertical Web and having flanges extending laterally fromthe top and bottom of said Web to form dove-tailed recesses along thesides of said bar, a transverse reinforcing bar comprising a Web andflanges extending laterally from said Web, the ends of said flangesbeing cut away from said Web and bent inwardly to facilitate theinsertion of the ends of the transverse bars Within the dove-tailedrecesses.

10. A reinforcing structure for concrete comprising main frame barshaving dovetailed recesses, metallic connecting members having endportions adapted to be expanded Within the dove-tailed recesses andexpander members having curved central web portions adapted to beexpanded Within the transverse connecting members and expand thetransverse members into a rigid engagement with the Walls of therecesses of the main frame bars.

" VILLIAM GOLDIE.

Vitnesses Bnss G. GUNDARAS, J EAN HUNTER.

